In the U.S., 71.2% percent of adults and 41.0% of children ages 2–19 have overweight or obesity, a condition that increases risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes.
The promotion of healthy purchasing in shopping environments is a focal point of public health and research efforts aimed at reducing obesity and improving health outcomes. Research is also needed to understand individual and additive effects of multi-component interventions on sales outcomes, substitution effects of healthy food purchases, and sustainability of impacts. Future research should emphasize rigorous designs and objective outcomes. Only 14 of the 64 studies were experimental and included objective outcome data. Promotion was the most commonly utilized marketing strategy, while manipulating promotion, placement, and product was the most common for multi-component interventions. Thirty studies used single-component interventions, while 34 were multi-component. Findings show that 56 studies had at least one positive effect related to healthier food consumption or purchasing. Of the unique 596 studies initially identified, 64 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were included if the intervention was initiated by a researcher or retailer, conducted in-store, and manipulated the retail environment. Nine electronic databases were searched for publications from 2010 to 2019, followed by forward and backward searches. Studies reviewed use marketing strategies defined as the 4Ps (product, price, placement, promotion) to examine results based on single- and multi-component interventions by study design, outcome, and which of the “Ps” was targeted. food retail environments to promote healthier food purchasing and consumption. This review examines current research on manipulations of U.S.
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